This blog is very important from the exam’s perspective (यह ब्लॉग परीक्षा के नजरिए से बहुत महत्वपूर्ण है). One or more than one questions are usually asked from the topics of “Famous Thinkers & Their Methods of Teaching” (आमतौर पर “प्रसिद्ध विचारकों एवं शिक्षण के उनके तरीकों “ के विषयों से एक या एक से अधिक प्रश्न पूछा जाता है). By keeping this thought in mind, this blog has been composed & posted (इस विचार को मन में रखते हुए इस ब्लॉग की रचना किया गया है)
Famous Thinkers & Their Methods of Teaching
प्रसिद्ध विचारकों एवं शिक्षण के उनके तरीकों
1. Smith (स्मिथ)
Teaching is a tri-polar process (शिक्षण एक त्रिध्रुवीय प्रक्रिया है) :-1. teacher as agent or material as source (शिक्षक के रूप में एजेंट या स्रोत के रूप में सामग्री)
2. targets or goals to be achieved (लक्ष्य या ध्यय)
3. variables such as methods of teaching, strategies & tactics (चर) i. Dependent Variable (निर्भर चर) – Students (छात्र)
ii. Independent Variable (स्वतंत्र चर) – Teachers (शिक्षक)
iii. Intervening variables (दरमियानी चर) – Study Materials (अध्ययन सामग्री)
2. targets or goals to be achieved (लक्ष्य या ध्यय)
3. variables such as methods of teaching, strategies & tactics (चर) i. Dependent Variable (निर्भर चर) – Students (छात्र)
ii. Independent Variable (स्वतंत्र चर) – Teachers (शिक्षक)
iii. Intervening variables (दरमियानी चर) – Study Materials (अध्ययन सामग्री)
Requirements of Teaching
1. All three variables
2. Professionalism
3. Student-teacher relationship
4. Student’s discipline
5. Teacher’s love & devotion towards subject
1. All three variables
2. Professionalism
3. Student-teacher relationship
4. Student’s discipline
5. Teacher’s love & devotion towards subject
2. Herbert (हर्बर्ट)
According to Herbert,
i. Teacher should be accurate in his delivered content
ii. Teacher should be cooperative
iii. Classroom & teaching management should be effective
iv. Behavioral dynamics should be properly managed in classroom
i. Teacher should be accurate in his delivered content
ii. Teacher should be cooperative
iii. Classroom & teaching management should be effective
iv. Behavioral dynamics should be properly managed in classroom
3. Project method
The project method was proposed by William Kilpatrick. His ideas was very unique in terms of teaching and pedagogy. He emphasized over strict rules and conditions to teach & train students, especially for those who are difficult to obey teacher & rules to learn.
According to him,
i. Create problems for students first
ii. Make selection of problem
iii. Design the methods of tasks to be carried out by students
iv. Usage of designed methods
v. Measure the data/information to analyse the performance of students
i. Create problems for students first
ii. Make selection of problem
iii. Design the methods of tasks to be carried out by students
iv. Usage of designed methods
v. Measure the data/information to analyse the performance of students
4. Dalton method
The Dalton method was proposed by Helen Parkhusht. She gave some of the most important concepts in teaching & pedagogy.
According to Parkshusht’s Dalton theory:
i. Students are given Contractual work i.e a work on whose completion would involve rewards so that students will be motivated to do work
ii. Students are given Directed Taskiii. Data interpretation & convey meaningful information
iv. Laboratory kind of study should be promoted i.e study should be made practical
v. Classroom environment should be democratic i.e equal participation of every one
i. Students are given Contractual work i.e a work on whose completion would involve rewards so that students will be motivated to do work
ii. Students are given Directed Taskiii. Data interpretation & convey meaningful information
iv. Laboratory kind of study should be promoted i.e study should be made practical
v. Classroom environment should be democratic i.e equal participation of every one
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